Explain about TestNG – its listeners?
ITestListener has following methods
OnStart – OnStart method is called when any Test starts.
onTestSuccess– onTestSuccess method is called on the success of any Test.
on test failure– on test failure method is called on the failure of any Test.
onTestSkipped – onTestSkipped method is called on skipped of any Test.
onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage – method is called each time Test fails but is within success percentage.
onFinish – onFinish method is called after all Tests are executed
Write a Syntax to take the screenshot?
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
//The below method will save the screen shot in d drive with name “screenshot.png”
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(“D:\\screenshot.png”));
How to find out all the frames in a webpage?
List<WebElement> ele = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“frame”));
System.out.println(“Number of frames in a page :” + ele.size());
How to handle cookies?
In Selenium Webdriver interact with cookies with below built-in methods
driver.manage().getCookies(); // Return The List of all Cookies
driver.manage().getCookieNamed(arg0); //Return specific cookie according to name
driver.manage().addCookie(arg0); //Create and add the cookie
driver.manage().deleteCookie(arg0); // Delete specific cookie
driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(arg0); // Delete specific cookie according Name
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies(); // Delete all cookies
What is Selenium Grid?
Selenium Grid is a tool used together with Selenium RC to run parallel tests across different machines and different browsers all at the same time. Parallel execution means running multiple tests at once.
Features:
Enables simultaneous running of tests in multiple browsers and environments.
Saves time enormously.
Utilizes the hub-and-nodes concept. The hub acts as a central source of Selenium commands to each node connected to it.
Difference between find elements and find element?
FINDELEMENT() METHOD:
FindElement method is used to access a single web element on a page. It returns the first matching element. It throws a NoSuchElementException exception when it fails to find If the element.
Syntax:
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“Value of Xpath”));
FINDELEMENTS() METHOD:
FindElements method returns the list of all matching elements. The findElement method throws a NoSuchElementException exception when the element is not available on the page. Whereas, the findElements method returns an empty list when the element is not available or doesn’t exist on the page. It doesn’t throw NoSuchElementException.
Syntax:
List link = driver.findElements(By.xpath(“Value of Xpath”));
Explain about softAssert and HardAssert?
Asserts are used to perform validations in the test scripts.
There are two types of Assert:
Hard Assert
Soft Assert
When an assert fails the test script stops execution unless handled in some form. We call general assert as Hard Assert.
Hard Assert – Hard Assert throws an AssertExceptionimmediately when an assert statement fails and test suite continues with next @Test.
The disadvantage of Hard Assert – It marks method as fail if assert condition gets failed and the remaining statements inside the method will be aborted.
To overcome this we need to use Soft Assert. Let’s see what is Soft Assert.
Soft Assert – Soft Assert collects errors during @Test. Soft Assert does not throw an exception when an assert fails and would continue with the next step after the assert statement.
If there is any exception and you want to throw it then you need to use assertAll() method as a last statement in the @Test and test suite again continue with next @Test as it is.
We need to create an object to use Soft Assert which is not needed in Hard Assert.
How to Start Jenkins in command Promt?
D:\>Java –jar Jenkins.war
What is the latest version of Jenkins?
Jenkins 2.114
What is Page Object Model?
Page Object Model Framework has now a days become very popular test automation framework in the industry and many companies are using it because of its easy test maintenance and reduces the duplication of code.
The main advantage of Page Object Model is that if the UI changes for any page, it don’t require us to change any tests, we just need to change only the code within the page objects (Only at one place).
The Page Object model provides the following advantages.
There is clean separation between test code and page specific code such as locators (or their use if you’re using a UI map) and layout.
There is single repository for the services or operations offered by the page rather than having these services scattered throughout the tests.
What is the default port for selenium Grid?
The default port used by the hub is 4444
Selenium advantages and disadvantages?
Advantages:
Selenium is pure open source, freeware and portable tool.
Selenium supports variety of languages that include Java, Perl, Python, C#, Ruby, Groovy, Java Script, and VB Script. etc.
Selenium supports many operating systems like Windows, Macintosh, Linux, Unix etc.
Selenium supports many browsers like Internet explorer, Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari etc.
Selenium can be integrated with ANT or Maven kind of framework for source code compilation.
Selenium can be integrated with TestNG testing framework for testing our applications and generating reports.
Selenium can be integrated with Jenkins or Hudson for continuous integration.
Selenium can be integrated with other open source tools for supporting other features.
Selenium can be used for Android, IPhone, Blackberry etc. based application testing.
Selenium supports very less CPU and RAM consumption for script execution.
Selenium comes with different component to provide support to its parent which is Selenium IDE, Selenium Grid and Selenium Remote Control (RC).
Disadvantages:
Selenium needs very much expertise resources. The resource should also be very well versed in framework architecture.
Selenium only supports web based application and does not support windows based application.
It is difficult to test Image based application.
Selenium need outside support for report generation activity like dependence on TestNG or Jenkins.
Selenium does not support built in add-ins support.
Selenium user lacks online support for the problems they face.
Selenium does not provide any built in IDE for script generation and it need other IDE like Eclipse for writing scripts.
Selenium Automation Engineers are bit in scarcity these days.
Selenium script creation time is bit high.
Selenium does not support file upload facility.
Selenium partially supports for Dialog boxes.
From Which selenium version onwards –we have to use gecko driver for firefox?
Selenium 3.0
How to skip a test case in TestNG?
@Test(enabled=false) annotation is used to skip a test case in TestNG
How to find whether an element is a Multidrop down or not?
By using isMultiple()
For example:
Boolean b=driver.findElement(By.id(“year”)).isMultiple();
System.out.println(b);
It retuns true if the element is multi drop down else false
What is the difference between getText() and getAttribute() ?
getText(): It is used to retrieve the text of a Text Element from the web page
For Example:
String Text = driver.findElement(By.id(“Text”)).getText();
getAttribute(): It is used to retrieve the text from a Text Field that is already eneterd into the text field.
For Example:
String Text = driver.findElement(By.id(“username”)).getAttribute();
How to select value in a dropdown?
To handle drop down, an object to be created to the Select class.
Select dropDown= new Select(element);
The value in the dropdown can be selected using 3 ways:
Syntax:
selectByValue()
selectByVisibleText()
selectByIndex()
What is the difference between driver.close() and driver.quit() command?
close(): This method is used to close the current active window of the browser.
quit(): This method is used to close all the associated windows of the browser that are opened.
How to handle Javascript Alerts or web-based pop-ups?
To handle Javascript Alerts, WebDriver provides an Interface called Alert.
First, we need to switch the driver focus to alerts.
Syntax:
Alert alert=driver.switchTo().alerts();
alert.getText() – The getText() method retrieves the text displayed on the alert box.
alert.accept() – The accept() method clicks on the “Ok” button as soon as the pop-up window appears.
alert.dismiss() – The accept() method clicks on the “Cancel” button as soon as the pop-up window appears.
alert.sendKeys(String stringToSend) – The sendKeys() method enters the specified string pattern into the alert box.
How to capture screenshot in WebDriver?
public String getScreenshot() throws Exception {
try {
driver.get(“https://www.google.co.in/”);
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“Gmail”)).click();
return “Pass”;
}
catch(Exception e) {
DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(“dd-MM-yyyy HH-mm-ss”);
Date dt = new Date();
File screenshotFile = ((TakesScreenshot) d).getScreenshotAs (OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(screenshotFile, new File(“F:\\Selenium_Scripts_Feb17\\Results\\”+dateFormat.format(dt)+”.png”));
return “Fail”;
}
}
Write a code to login into any site showing uthentication pop-up for username and password?
//Pass Username and Password in URL itself
driver.get(“http://username:password@www.xyz.com”);
How do you send ENTER key?
driver.findElement(By.id(“email”)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
How do you access Firefox profiles in WebDriver?
//create object of ProfilesIni class which holds all the profiles of FF
ProfilesIni pr=new ProfilesIni():
//To load the profile
FirefoxProfile fp=pr.get(“user”);
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver(fp);
driver.get(“http://google.com”);
What are the different types of Waits or Synchrinization commands in WebDriver?
Usually, the time delay between two webdriver elements is 0 milliseconds but the application speed varies based on different factors:
Internet speed
Server response time
System configuration
To avoid the timing errors(Synchronization errors) between the tool (webdriver) and application, we take the help of Synchronization commands.
Implicit Wait: It is used to define wait for all the elements of WebDriver.
Syntax:
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Explicit Wait: It is used to define wait for specific element of WebDriver.
Syntax:
WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(“Gmail”)));
Write a syntax to scroll down a page in selenium?
JavascriptExecutor jsx=((JavascriptExecutor) driver);
jsx.executeScript(“window.scrollBy(0,500)”,””);
How to check if text is present on a web page?
String text=”Selenium”;
boolean isTextPresent=(driver.getPageSource()).contains(text);
System.out.println(text+” is present in the web page”);
What are the different exceptions in Selenium web driver?
The different exceptions in Selenium web drivers are
WebDriverException
ElementNotVisibleException
NoAlertPresentException
NoSuchWindowException
NoSuchElementException
TimeoutException
StaleElementReferenceException
How to handle MouseHover?
By using moveToElement() method in Actions class
//Create an object to Actions class
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
action.moveToElement(element);
How to handle Frames?
driver.switchTo().frames(id/name/index/loactor);
How to switch from child frame to parent frame?
To switch back from child frame to parent frame use method parentFrame()
Syntax:
driver.switchTo().parentFrame();
ITestListener has following methods
OnStart – OnStart method is called when any Test starts.
onTestSuccess– onTestSuccess method is called on the success of any Test.
on test failure– on test failure method is called on the failure of any Test.
onTestSkipped – onTestSkipped method is called on skipped of any Test.
onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage – method is called each time Test fails but is within success percentage.
onFinish – onFinish method is called after all Tests are executed
Write a Syntax to take the screenshot?
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
//The below method will save the screen shot in d drive with name “screenshot.png”
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(“D:\\screenshot.png”));
 |
| CGI Group Selenium Recently Asked Interview Questions Answers |
How to find out all the frames in a webpage?
List<WebElement> ele = driver.findElements(By.tagName(“frame”));
System.out.println(“Number of frames in a page :” + ele.size());
How to handle cookies?
In Selenium Webdriver interact with cookies with below built-in methods
driver.manage().getCookies(); // Return The List of all Cookies
driver.manage().getCookieNamed(arg0); //Return specific cookie according to name
driver.manage().addCookie(arg0); //Create and add the cookie
driver.manage().deleteCookie(arg0); // Delete specific cookie
driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed(arg0); // Delete specific cookie according Name
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies(); // Delete all cookies
What is Selenium Grid?
Selenium Grid is a tool used together with Selenium RC to run parallel tests across different machines and different browsers all at the same time. Parallel execution means running multiple tests at once.
Features:
Enables simultaneous running of tests in multiple browsers and environments.
Saves time enormously.
Utilizes the hub-and-nodes concept. The hub acts as a central source of Selenium commands to each node connected to it.
Difference between find elements and find element?
FINDELEMENT() METHOD:
FindElement method is used to access a single web element on a page. It returns the first matching element. It throws a NoSuchElementException exception when it fails to find If the element.
Syntax:
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“Value of Xpath”));
FINDELEMENTS() METHOD:
FindElements method returns the list of all matching elements. The findElement method throws a NoSuchElementException exception when the element is not available on the page. Whereas, the findElements method returns an empty list when the element is not available or doesn’t exist on the page. It doesn’t throw NoSuchElementException.
Syntax:
List link = driver.findElements(By.xpath(“Value of Xpath”));
Explain about softAssert and HardAssert?
Asserts are used to perform validations in the test scripts.
There are two types of Assert:
Hard Assert
Soft Assert
When an assert fails the test script stops execution unless handled in some form. We call general assert as Hard Assert.
Hard Assert – Hard Assert throws an AssertExceptionimmediately when an assert statement fails and test suite continues with next @Test.
The disadvantage of Hard Assert – It marks method as fail if assert condition gets failed and the remaining statements inside the method will be aborted.
To overcome this we need to use Soft Assert. Let’s see what is Soft Assert.
Soft Assert – Soft Assert collects errors during @Test. Soft Assert does not throw an exception when an assert fails and would continue with the next step after the assert statement.
If there is any exception and you want to throw it then you need to use assertAll() method as a last statement in the @Test and test suite again continue with next @Test as it is.
We need to create an object to use Soft Assert which is not needed in Hard Assert.
How to Start Jenkins in command Promt?
D:\>Java –jar Jenkins.war
What is the latest version of Jenkins?
Jenkins 2.114
What is Page Object Model?
Page Object Model Framework has now a days become very popular test automation framework in the industry and many companies are using it because of its easy test maintenance and reduces the duplication of code.
The main advantage of Page Object Model is that if the UI changes for any page, it don’t require us to change any tests, we just need to change only the code within the page objects (Only at one place).
The Page Object model provides the following advantages.
There is clean separation between test code and page specific code such as locators (or their use if you’re using a UI map) and layout.
There is single repository for the services or operations offered by the page rather than having these services scattered throughout the tests.
What is the default port for selenium Grid?
The default port used by the hub is 4444
Selenium advantages and disadvantages?
Advantages:
Selenium is pure open source, freeware and portable tool.
Selenium supports variety of languages that include Java, Perl, Python, C#, Ruby, Groovy, Java Script, and VB Script. etc.
Selenium supports many operating systems like Windows, Macintosh, Linux, Unix etc.
Selenium supports many browsers like Internet explorer, Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari etc.
Selenium can be integrated with ANT or Maven kind of framework for source code compilation.
Selenium can be integrated with TestNG testing framework for testing our applications and generating reports.
Selenium can be integrated with Jenkins or Hudson for continuous integration.
Selenium can be integrated with other open source tools for supporting other features.
Selenium can be used for Android, IPhone, Blackberry etc. based application testing.
Selenium supports very less CPU and RAM consumption for script execution.
Selenium comes with different component to provide support to its parent which is Selenium IDE, Selenium Grid and Selenium Remote Control (RC).
Disadvantages:
Selenium needs very much expertise resources. The resource should also be very well versed in framework architecture.
Selenium only supports web based application and does not support windows based application.
It is difficult to test Image based application.
Selenium need outside support for report generation activity like dependence on TestNG or Jenkins.
Selenium does not support built in add-ins support.
Selenium user lacks online support for the problems they face.
Selenium does not provide any built in IDE for script generation and it need other IDE like Eclipse for writing scripts.
Selenium Automation Engineers are bit in scarcity these days.
Selenium script creation time is bit high.
Selenium does not support file upload facility.
Selenium partially supports for Dialog boxes.
From Which selenium version onwards –we have to use gecko driver for firefox?
Selenium 3.0
How to skip a test case in TestNG?
@Test(enabled=false) annotation is used to skip a test case in TestNG
How to find whether an element is a Multidrop down or not?
By using isMultiple()
For example:
Boolean b=driver.findElement(By.id(“year”)).isMultiple();
System.out.println(b);
It retuns true if the element is multi drop down else false
What is the difference between getText() and getAttribute() ?
getText(): It is used to retrieve the text of a Text Element from the web page
For Example:
String Text = driver.findElement(By.id(“Text”)).getText();
getAttribute(): It is used to retrieve the text from a Text Field that is already eneterd into the text field.
For Example:
String Text = driver.findElement(By.id(“username”)).getAttribute();
How to select value in a dropdown?
To handle drop down, an object to be created to the Select class.
Select dropDown= new Select(element);
The value in the dropdown can be selected using 3 ways:
Syntax:
selectByValue()
selectByVisibleText()
selectByIndex()
What is the difference between driver.close() and driver.quit() command?
close(): This method is used to close the current active window of the browser.
quit(): This method is used to close all the associated windows of the browser that are opened.
How to handle Javascript Alerts or web-based pop-ups?
To handle Javascript Alerts, WebDriver provides an Interface called Alert.
First, we need to switch the driver focus to alerts.
Syntax:
Alert alert=driver.switchTo().alerts();
alert.getText() – The getText() method retrieves the text displayed on the alert box.
alert.accept() – The accept() method clicks on the “Ok” button as soon as the pop-up window appears.
alert.dismiss() – The accept() method clicks on the “Cancel” button as soon as the pop-up window appears.
alert.sendKeys(String stringToSend) – The sendKeys() method enters the specified string pattern into the alert box.
How to capture screenshot in WebDriver?
public String getScreenshot() throws Exception {
try {
driver.get(“https://www.google.co.in/”);
driver.findElement(By.linkText(“Gmail”)).click();
return “Pass”;
}
catch(Exception e) {
DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(“dd-MM-yyyy HH-mm-ss”);
Date dt = new Date();
File screenshotFile = ((TakesScreenshot) d).getScreenshotAs (OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(screenshotFile, new File(“F:\\Selenium_Scripts_Feb17\\Results\\”+dateFormat.format(dt)+”.png”));
return “Fail”;
}
}
Write a code to login into any site showing uthentication pop-up for username and password?
//Pass Username and Password in URL itself
driver.get(“http://username:password@www.xyz.com”);
How do you send ENTER key?
driver.findElement(By.id(“email”)).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
How do you access Firefox profiles in WebDriver?
//create object of ProfilesIni class which holds all the profiles of FF
ProfilesIni pr=new ProfilesIni():
//To load the profile
FirefoxProfile fp=pr.get(“user”);
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver(fp);
driver.get(“http://google.com”);
What are the different types of Waits or Synchrinization commands in WebDriver?
Usually, the time delay between two webdriver elements is 0 milliseconds but the application speed varies based on different factors:
Internet speed
Server response time
System configuration
To avoid the timing errors(Synchronization errors) between the tool (webdriver) and application, we take the help of Synchronization commands.
Implicit Wait: It is used to define wait for all the elements of WebDriver.
Syntax:
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Explicit Wait: It is used to define wait for specific element of WebDriver.
Syntax:
WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.linkText(“Gmail”)));
Write a syntax to scroll down a page in selenium?
JavascriptExecutor jsx=((JavascriptExecutor) driver);
jsx.executeScript(“window.scrollBy(0,500)”,””);
How to check if text is present on a web page?
String text=”Selenium”;
boolean isTextPresent=(driver.getPageSource()).contains(text);
System.out.println(text+” is present in the web page”);
What are the different exceptions in Selenium web driver?
The different exceptions in Selenium web drivers are
WebDriverException
ElementNotVisibleException
NoAlertPresentException
NoSuchWindowException
NoSuchElementException
TimeoutException
StaleElementReferenceException
How to handle MouseHover?
By using moveToElement() method in Actions class
//Create an object to Actions class
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
action.moveToElement(element);
How to handle Frames?
driver.switchTo().frames(id/name/index/loactor);
How to switch from child frame to parent frame?
To switch back from child frame to parent frame use method parentFrame()
Syntax:
driver.switchTo().parentFrame();
https://mytecbooks.blogspot.com/2018/10/cgi-group-selenium-recently-asked.html