Huawei Spring MVC Recently Asked Interview Questions Answers
How you will decide when to use prototype scope and when singleton scope bean?
- You should use the prototype scope for all beans that are stateful and the singleton scope should be used for stateless beans.
What are the different types of IOC?
There are three types of dependency Injection:
1. Constructor Injection :
- Dependencies are provided as a constructor parameter.
- Example : You want to inject some object say 'Foo' through constructor in class 'HellowWorld' like below.
public class HelloWorld
{
public HelloWorld(Foo foo)
{
this.foo = foo;
}
}
- In configuration file you need to do following entry.
<bean id="helloWorldBean" class="com.xyz.services.HelloWorld">
<constructor-arg ref="fooBean" />
</bean>
<bean id="fooBean" class="com.xyz.service.Foo">
</bean>
2. Setter Injection :
- Dependencies are assigned through setter method.
- Example : Same example as above.
public class HelloWorld
{
private Foo fooBean;
public HelloWorld(){ }
public void setFooBean(Foo fooBean)
{
this.fooBean=fooBean;
}
- And in configuration file you need to do following entry.
<bean id="helloWorldBean" class=" com.xyz.services.HelloWorld">
<property name=fooBean ref="fooBean" />
</bean>
<bean id="fooBean" class="com.xyz.service.Foo">
</bean>
3. Interface Injection :
Injection is done through an interface and not supported in spring framework.
How to Call Stored procedure in Spring Framework?
- To call a Stored procedure in Spring framework you need to create Class which will should extends StoredProcedure class.
- Take the example of getting Employee Details by Employee Id. package com.mytest.spring.storeproc
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlOutParameter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlParameter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.object.StoredProcedure;
public class EmployeeInfo extends StoredProcedure
{
private static final String EMP_ID = "EMP_ID";
private static final String EMP_NAME = "EMP_NAME";
private static final String JOIN_DATE = "JOIN_DATE";
public SnapshotSearchStoredProcedure(DataSource dataSource, String procedureName)
{
super(dataSource, procedureName);
declareParameter(new SqlParameter(EMP_ID, Types.NUMERIC));
declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter(EMP_NAME, Types.VARCHAR));
declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter(JOIN_DATE, Types.VARCHAR));
compile ();
}
public Map execute(Integer empId)
{
Map<String, Object> inputs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
inputs.put(P_CLD_IDR, empId);
Map<String, Object> result = execute (inputs);
return result;
}
}
- You just need to call the execute method from the DAO layer.
Differentiate between BeanFactory and ApplicationContext in spring.
With ApplicationContext more than one config files are possible while only one config file or .xml file is possible with BeanFactory.
ApplicationContext publishes events to beans that are registered as listeners while BeanFactory doesn't support this
ApplicationContext support internationalization messages, application life-cycle events, validation and many enterprise services like JNDI access, EJB integration, remoting etc. while BeanFactory doesn't support any of these.
What is the difference between singleton and prototype bean?
Mainly it is the scope of a beans which defines their existence on the application
Singleton : It means single bean definition to a single object instance per Spring IOC container.
Prototype : It means a single bean definition to any number of object instances.
How do beans become 'singleton' or prototype?
- There exists an attribute in bean tag, called 'singleton’.
- If it is marked 'true', the bean becomes 'singleton'.
- If it is marked 'false', the bean becomes 'prototype'.
What type of transaction Management Spring support?
Spring supports two types of transaction management:
1. Programmatic transaction management
2. Declarative transaction management.
When do you use programmatic and declarative transaction management?
Programmatic transaction management is used preferably when you have a small number of transactional operations.
Incase of large number of transactional operations it is better to use declarative transaction management.
What is IOC?
- IOC stands for Inversion of Control pattern.
- It is also called as dependency injection.
- This concept says that you do not create your objects but describe how they should be created.
- Similarly, you do not directly connect your components and services together in code but describe which services are needed by which components in a configuration file.
- A container then hooks them all up.
What are the different types of IoC (dependency injection)?
- There are three types of dependency injection:
1. Constructor Injection : Here dependencies are provided as constructor parameters.
2. Setter Injection : Dependencies are assigned through JavaBeans properties.
3. Interface Injection : Injection is performed through an interface.
- Spring supports only first two categories of Injection.
What are the benefits of IOC?
The main benefits of IOC or dependency injections are :
1. It minimizes the amount of code in your application.
2. It makes your application easy to test as it doesn't require any singletons or JNDI lookup mechanisms in your unit test cases.
3. Loose coupling is promoted with minimal effort and least intrusive mechanism.
4. IOC containers support eager instantiation and lazy loading of services.
What is Bean Wiring?
- Bean wiring means creating associations between application components i.e. beans within the spring container.
How do you access Hibernate using Spring ?
There are two ways to Spring’s Hibernate integration:
1. By Inversion of Control with a HibernateTemplate and Callback.
2. By extending HibernateDaoSupport and Applying an AOP Interceptor.
How would you integrate Spring and Hibernate using HibernateDaoSupport?
This can be done through Spring’s SessionFactory called LocalSessionFactory. The steps in integration process are:
1. Configure the Hibernate SessionFactory.
2. Extend your DAO Implementation from HibernateDaoSupport.
3. Wire in Transaction Support with AOP.
What are the various transaction manager implementations in Spring?
1. DataSourceTransactionManager : PlatformTransactionManager implementation for single JDBC data sources.
2. HibernateTransactionManager: PlatformTransactionManager implementation for single Hibernate session factories.
3. JdoTransactionManager : PlatformTransactionManager implementation for single JDO persistence manager factories.
4. JtaTransactionManager : PlatformTransactionManager implementation for JTA, i.e. J2EE container transactions.
What are the different modules in spring framework?
The Spring features or organized into about 20 modules. These modules are grouped into Core Container, Data Access/Integration, Web, AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming), Instrumentation and Test, as depicted below.
What is the front controller class of Spring MVC?
A front controller is defined as “a controller which handles all requests for a Web Application.” DispatcherServlet (actually a servlet) is the front controller in Spring MVC that intercepts every request and then dispatches/forwards requests to an appropriate controller.
When a web request is sent to a Spring MVC application, dispatcher servlet first receives the request. Then it organizes the different components configured in Spring’s web application context (e.g. actual request handler controller and view resolvers) or annotations present in the controller itself, all needed to handle the request.
Difference between <context:annotation-config> vs <context:component-scan>?
1) First big difference between both tags is that <context:annotation-config> is used to activate applied annotations in already registered beans in application context. Note that it simply does not matter whether bean was registered by which mechanism e.g. using <context:component-scan> or it was defined in application-context.xml file itself.
2) Second difference is driven from first difference itself. It registers the beans defined in config file into context + it also scans the annotations inside beans and activate them. So <context:component-scan> does what <context:annotation-config> does, but additionally it scan the packages and register the beans in application context.
Difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service annotations?
1) The @Component annotation marks a java class as a bean so the component-scanning mechanism of spring can pick it up and pull it into the application context. To use this annotation, apply it over class as below:
@Component
public class EmployeeDAOImpl implements EmployeeDAO {
...
}
2) The @Repository annotation is a specialization of the @Component annotation with similar use and functionality. In addition to importing the DAOs into the DI container, it also makes the unchecked exceptions (thrown from DAO methods) eligible for translation into Spring DataAccessException.
3) The @Service annotation is also a specialization of the component annotation. It doesn’t currently provide any additional behavior over the @Component annotation, but it’s a good idea to use @Service over @Component in service-layer classes because it specifies intent better.
4) @Controller annotation marks a class as a Spring Web MVC controller. It too is a @Component specialization, so beans marked with it are automatically imported into the DI container. When you add the @Controller annotation to a class, you can use another annotation i.e. @RequestMapping; to map URLs to instance methods of a class.
What is view Resolver pattern ? how it work in Spring MVC?
Spring Framework Interview Question Answers | Spring MVC FAQView Resolver pattern is a J2EE pattern which allows a web application to dynamically choose it's view technology e.g. HTML, JSP, Tapestry, JSF, XSLT or any other view technology. In this pattern, View resolver holds mapping of different views, controller return name of the view, which is then passed to View Resolver for selecting an appropriate view. Spring MVC framework supplies inbuilt view resolver for selecting views.
What is Spring Security ?
Spring security is a project under spring framework umbrella, which provides support for security requirements of enterprise Java projects. Spring Security formerly known as aegis security provides out of box support for creating login screen, remember me cookie support, securing URL, authentication provider to authenticate the user from the database, LDAP and in memory, concurrent active session management support and much more. In order to use Spring security in a Spring MVC based project, you need to include spring-security.jar and configure it in application-Context-security.XML file, you can name it whatever you want, but make sure to supply this to ContextLoaderListener, which is responsible for creating Spring context and initializing dispatcher servlet.
How do you control concurrent Session on Java web application using Spring Security?
You can use Spring Security to control a number of active session in Java web application. Spring security framework provides this feature out of the box and when enabled , a user can only have one active session at a time.
What types of dependency injection is supported by Spring Framework? When do you use Setter and Constructor Injection, pros and cons?
There are 2 types of dependency injection supported by Spring, constructor based injection, and setter-based injection. Both types have their own advantages and disadvantages, you should use Constructor injection when object's dependencies are not optional and they must be initialized with their dependencies. Also use constructor injection if the order of initialization or dependency matters because in Setter based injection you cannot impose any order. Use setter injection when dependencies are optional.
How do Spring resolves view returned by ModelAndView class ?
Some Spring MVC questions are tricky e.g. Struts and Spring integration and can be only answered by experienced Java program with 2 to 4-year experience in Spring MVC framework.
What are different implementations of View interface you have used in Spring MVC?
ULBased View e.g. JSP , JSTLView,
How you will decide when to use prototype scope and when singleton scope bean?
- You should use the prototype scope for all beans that are stateful and the singleton scope should be used for stateless beans.
What are the different types of IOC?
There are three types of dependency Injection:
1. Constructor Injection :
- Dependencies are provided as a constructor parameter.
- Example : You want to inject some object say 'Foo' through constructor in class 'HellowWorld' like below.
public class HelloWorld
{
public HelloWorld(Foo foo)
{
this.foo = foo;
}
}
- In configuration file you need to do following entry.
<bean id="helloWorldBean" class="com.xyz.services.HelloWorld">
<constructor-arg ref="fooBean" />
</bean>
<bean id="fooBean" class="com.xyz.service.Foo">
</bean>
2. Setter Injection :
- Dependencies are assigned through setter method.
- Example : Same example as above.
public class HelloWorld
{
private Foo fooBean;
public HelloWorld(){ }
public void setFooBean(Foo fooBean)
{
this.fooBean=fooBean;
}
- And in configuration file you need to do following entry.
<bean id="helloWorldBean" class=" com.xyz.services.HelloWorld">
<property name=fooBean ref="fooBean" />
</bean>
<bean id="fooBean" class="com.xyz.service.Foo">
</bean>
3. Interface Injection :
Injection is done through an interface and not supported in spring framework.
How to Call Stored procedure in Spring Framework?
- To call a Stored procedure in Spring framework you need to create Class which will should extends StoredProcedure class.
- Take the example of getting Employee Details by Employee Id. package com.mytest.spring.storeproc
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlOutParameter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlParameter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.object.StoredProcedure;
public class EmployeeInfo extends StoredProcedure
{
private static final String EMP_ID = "EMP_ID";
private static final String EMP_NAME = "EMP_NAME";
private static final String JOIN_DATE = "JOIN_DATE";
public SnapshotSearchStoredProcedure(DataSource dataSource, String procedureName)
{
super(dataSource, procedureName);
declareParameter(new SqlParameter(EMP_ID, Types.NUMERIC));
declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter(EMP_NAME, Types.VARCHAR));
declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter(JOIN_DATE, Types.VARCHAR));
compile ();
}
public Map execute(Integer empId)
{
Map<String, Object> inputs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
inputs.put(P_CLD_IDR, empId);
Map<String, Object> result = execute (inputs);
return result;
}
}
- You just need to call the execute method from the DAO layer.
 |
| Huawei Spring MVC Recently Asked Interview Questions Answers |
Differentiate between BeanFactory and ApplicationContext in spring.
With ApplicationContext more than one config files are possible while only one config file or .xml file is possible with BeanFactory.
ApplicationContext publishes events to beans that are registered as listeners while BeanFactory doesn't support this
ApplicationContext support internationalization messages, application life-cycle events, validation and many enterprise services like JNDI access, EJB integration, remoting etc. while BeanFactory doesn't support any of these.
What is the difference between singleton and prototype bean?
Mainly it is the scope of a beans which defines their existence on the application
Singleton : It means single bean definition to a single object instance per Spring IOC container.
Prototype : It means a single bean definition to any number of object instances.
How do beans become 'singleton' or prototype?
- There exists an attribute in bean tag, called 'singleton’.
- If it is marked 'true', the bean becomes 'singleton'.
- If it is marked 'false', the bean becomes 'prototype'.
What type of transaction Management Spring support?
Spring supports two types of transaction management:
1. Programmatic transaction management
2. Declarative transaction management.
When do you use programmatic and declarative transaction management?
Programmatic transaction management is used preferably when you have a small number of transactional operations.
Incase of large number of transactional operations it is better to use declarative transaction management.
What is IOC?
- IOC stands for Inversion of Control pattern.
- It is also called as dependency injection.
- This concept says that you do not create your objects but describe how they should be created.
- Similarly, you do not directly connect your components and services together in code but describe which services are needed by which components in a configuration file.
- A container then hooks them all up.
What are the different types of IoC (dependency injection)?
- There are three types of dependency injection:
1. Constructor Injection : Here dependencies are provided as constructor parameters.
2. Setter Injection : Dependencies are assigned through JavaBeans properties.
3. Interface Injection : Injection is performed through an interface.
- Spring supports only first two categories of Injection.
What are the benefits of IOC?
The main benefits of IOC or dependency injections are :
1. It minimizes the amount of code in your application.
2. It makes your application easy to test as it doesn't require any singletons or JNDI lookup mechanisms in your unit test cases.
3. Loose coupling is promoted with minimal effort and least intrusive mechanism.
4. IOC containers support eager instantiation and lazy loading of services.
What is Bean Wiring?
- Bean wiring means creating associations between application components i.e. beans within the spring container.
How do you access Hibernate using Spring ?
There are two ways to Spring’s Hibernate integration:
1. By Inversion of Control with a HibernateTemplate and Callback.
2. By extending HibernateDaoSupport and Applying an AOP Interceptor.
How would you integrate Spring and Hibernate using HibernateDaoSupport?
This can be done through Spring’s SessionFactory called LocalSessionFactory. The steps in integration process are:
1. Configure the Hibernate SessionFactory.
2. Extend your DAO Implementation from HibernateDaoSupport.
3. Wire in Transaction Support with AOP.
What are the various transaction manager implementations in Spring?
1. DataSourceTransactionManager : PlatformTransactionManager implementation for single JDBC data sources.
2. HibernateTransactionManager: PlatformTransactionManager implementation for single Hibernate session factories.
3. JdoTransactionManager : PlatformTransactionManager implementation for single JDO persistence manager factories.
4. JtaTransactionManager : PlatformTransactionManager implementation for JTA, i.e. J2EE container transactions.
What are the different modules in spring framework?
The Spring features or organized into about 20 modules. These modules are grouped into Core Container, Data Access/Integration, Web, AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming), Instrumentation and Test, as depicted below.
What is the front controller class of Spring MVC?
A front controller is defined as “a controller which handles all requests for a Web Application.” DispatcherServlet (actually a servlet) is the front controller in Spring MVC that intercepts every request and then dispatches/forwards requests to an appropriate controller.
When a web request is sent to a Spring MVC application, dispatcher servlet first receives the request. Then it organizes the different components configured in Spring’s web application context (e.g. actual request handler controller and view resolvers) or annotations present in the controller itself, all needed to handle the request.
Difference between <context:annotation-config> vs <context:component-scan>?
1) First big difference between both tags is that <context:annotation-config> is used to activate applied annotations in already registered beans in application context. Note that it simply does not matter whether bean was registered by which mechanism e.g. using <context:component-scan> or it was defined in application-context.xml file itself.
2) Second difference is driven from first difference itself. It registers the beans defined in config file into context + it also scans the annotations inside beans and activate them. So <context:component-scan> does what <context:annotation-config> does, but additionally it scan the packages and register the beans in application context.
Difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service annotations?
1) The @Component annotation marks a java class as a bean so the component-scanning mechanism of spring can pick it up and pull it into the application context. To use this annotation, apply it over class as below:
@Component
public class EmployeeDAOImpl implements EmployeeDAO {
...
}
2) The @Repository annotation is a specialization of the @Component annotation with similar use and functionality. In addition to importing the DAOs into the DI container, it also makes the unchecked exceptions (thrown from DAO methods) eligible for translation into Spring DataAccessException.
3) The @Service annotation is also a specialization of the component annotation. It doesn’t currently provide any additional behavior over the @Component annotation, but it’s a good idea to use @Service over @Component in service-layer classes because it specifies intent better.
4) @Controller annotation marks a class as a Spring Web MVC controller. It too is a @Component specialization, so beans marked with it are automatically imported into the DI container. When you add the @Controller annotation to a class, you can use another annotation i.e. @RequestMapping; to map URLs to instance methods of a class.
What is view Resolver pattern ? how it work in Spring MVC?
Spring Framework Interview Question Answers | Spring MVC FAQView Resolver pattern is a J2EE pattern which allows a web application to dynamically choose it's view technology e.g. HTML, JSP, Tapestry, JSF, XSLT or any other view technology. In this pattern, View resolver holds mapping of different views, controller return name of the view, which is then passed to View Resolver for selecting an appropriate view. Spring MVC framework supplies inbuilt view resolver for selecting views.
What is Spring Security ?
Spring security is a project under spring framework umbrella, which provides support for security requirements of enterprise Java projects. Spring Security formerly known as aegis security provides out of box support for creating login screen, remember me cookie support, securing URL, authentication provider to authenticate the user from the database, LDAP and in memory, concurrent active session management support and much more. In order to use Spring security in a Spring MVC based project, you need to include spring-security.jar and configure it in application-Context-security.XML file, you can name it whatever you want, but make sure to supply this to ContextLoaderListener, which is responsible for creating Spring context and initializing dispatcher servlet.
How do you control concurrent Session on Java web application using Spring Security?
You can use Spring Security to control a number of active session in Java web application. Spring security framework provides this feature out of the box and when enabled , a user can only have one active session at a time.
What types of dependency injection is supported by Spring Framework? When do you use Setter and Constructor Injection, pros and cons?
There are 2 types of dependency injection supported by Spring, constructor based injection, and setter-based injection. Both types have their own advantages and disadvantages, you should use Constructor injection when object's dependencies are not optional and they must be initialized with their dependencies. Also use constructor injection if the order of initialization or dependency matters because in Setter based injection you cannot impose any order. Use setter injection when dependencies are optional.
How do Spring resolves view returned by ModelAndView class ?
Some Spring MVC questions are tricky e.g. Struts and Spring integration and can be only answered by experienced Java program with 2 to 4-year experience in Spring MVC framework.
What are different implementations of View interface you have used in Spring MVC?
ULBased View e.g. JSP , JSTLView,