LTI JavaScript Most Frequently Asked Latest Interview Questions Answers
How do you clone an object?
var obj = {a: 1 ,b: 2}
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
Now the value of objclone is {a: 1 ,b: 2} but points to a different object than obj.
Note the potential pitfall, though: Object.clone() will just do a shallow copy, not a deep copy. This means that nested objects aren’t copied. They still refer to the same nested objects as the original:
let obj = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
age: 30
}
};
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
console.log('objclone: ', objclone);
obj.c.age = 45;
console.log('After Change - obj: ', obj); // 45 - This also changes
console.log('After Change - objclone: ', objclone); // 45
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
setTimeout(function() { console.log(i); }, i * 1000 );
}
What will this code print?
It will print 0 1 2 3 4, because we use let instead of var here. The variable i is only seen in the for loop’s block scope.
What do the following lines output, and why?
console.log(1 < 2 < 3);
console.log(3 > 2 > 1);
The first statement returns true which is as expected.
The second returns false because of how the engine works regarding operator associativity for < and >. It compares left to right, so 3 > 2 > 1 JavaScript translates to true > 1. true has value 1, so it then compares 1 > 1, which is false.
How do you add an element at the begining of an array? How do you add one at the end?
var myArray = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
myArray.push('end');
myArray.unshift('start');
console.log(myArray); // ["start", "a", "b", "c", "d", "end"]
With ES6, one can use the spread operator:
myArray = ['start', ...myArray];
myArray = [...myArray, 'end'];
Or, in short:
myArray = ['start', ...myArray, 'end'];
Imagine you have this code:
var a = [1, 2, 3];
a) Will this result in a crash?
a[10] = 99;
b) What will this output?
console.log(a[6]);
a) It will not crash. The JavaScript engine will make array slots 3 through 9 be “empty slots.”
b) Here, a[6] will output undefined, but the slot still remains empty rather than filled with undefined. This may be an important nuance in some cases. For example, when using map(), empty slots will remain empty in map()’s output, but undefined slots will be remapped using the function passed to it:
var b = [undefined];
b[2] = 1;
console.log(b); // (3) [undefined, empty × 1, 1]
console.log(b.map(e => 7)); // (3) [7, empty × 1, 7]
What is the value of typeof undefined == typeof NULL?
The expression will be evaluated to true, since NULL will be treated as any other undefined variable.
Note: JavaScript is case-sensitive and here we are using NULL instead of null.
What would following code return?
console.log(typeof typeof 1);
string
typeof 1 will return "number" and typeof "number" will return string.
Consider the following code. What will the output be, and why?
(function () {
try {
throw new Error();
} catch (x) {
var x = 1, y = 2;
console.log(x);
}
console.log(x);
console.log(y);
})();
1
undefined
2
var statements are hoisted (without their value initialization) to the top of the global or function scope it belongs to, even when it’s inside a with or catch block. However, the error’s identifier is only visible inside the catch block. It is equivalent to:
(function () {
var x, y; // outer and hoisted
try {
throw new Error();
} catch (x /* inner */) {
x = 1; // inner x, not the outer one
y = 2; // there is only one y, which is in the outer scope
console.log(x /* inner */);
}
console.log(x);
console.log(y);
})();
What will be the output of this code?
var x = 21;
var girl = function () {
console.log(x);
var x = 20;
};
girl ();
Neither 21, nor 20, the result is undefined
It’s because JavaScript initialization is not hoisted.
(Why doesn’t it show the global value of 21? The reason is that when the function is executed, it checks that there’s a local x variable present but doesn’t yet declare it, so it won’t look for global one.)
How do you clone an object?
var obj = {a: 1 ,b: 2}
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
Now the value of objclone is {a: 1 ,b: 2} but points to a different object than obj.
Note the potential pitfall, though: Object.clone() will just do a shallow copy, not a deep copy. This means that nested objects aren’t copied. They still refer to the same nested objects as the original:
let obj = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
age: 30
}
};
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
console.log('objclone: ', objclone);
obj.c.age = 45;
console.log('After Change - obj: ', obj); // 45 - This also changes
console.log('After Change - objclone: ', objclone); // 45
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
setTimeout(function() { console.log(i); }, i * 1000 );
}
What will this code print?
It will print 0 1 2 3 4, because we use let instead of var here. The variable i is only seen in the for loop’s block scope.
How do you clone an object?
var obj = {a: 1 ,b: 2}
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
Now the value of objclone is {a: 1 ,b: 2} but points to a different object than obj.
Note the potential pitfall, though: Object.clone() will just do a shallow copy, not a deep copy. This means that nested objects aren’t copied. They still refer to the same nested objects as the original:
let obj = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
age: 30
}
};
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
console.log('objclone: ', objclone);
obj.c.age = 45;
console.log('After Change - obj: ', obj); // 45 - This also changes
console.log('After Change - objclone: ', objclone); // 45
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
setTimeout(function() { console.log(i); }, i * 1000 );
}
What will this code print?
It will print 0 1 2 3 4, because we use let instead of var here. The variable i is only seen in the for loop’s block scope.
What do the following lines output, and why?
console.log(1 < 2 < 3);
console.log(3 > 2 > 1);
The first statement returns true which is as expected.
The second returns false because of how the engine works regarding operator associativity for < and >. It compares left to right, so 3 > 2 > 1 JavaScript translates to true > 1. true has value 1, so it then compares 1 > 1, which is false.
 |
| LTI JavaScript Most Frequently Asked Latest Interview Questions Answers |
How do you add an element at the begining of an array? How do you add one at the end?
var myArray = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
myArray.push('end');
myArray.unshift('start');
console.log(myArray); // ["start", "a", "b", "c", "d", "end"]
With ES6, one can use the spread operator:
myArray = ['start', ...myArray];
myArray = [...myArray, 'end'];
Or, in short:
myArray = ['start', ...myArray, 'end'];
Imagine you have this code:
var a = [1, 2, 3];
a) Will this result in a crash?
a[10] = 99;
b) What will this output?
console.log(a[6]);
a) It will not crash. The JavaScript engine will make array slots 3 through 9 be “empty slots.”
b) Here, a[6] will output undefined, but the slot still remains empty rather than filled with undefined. This may be an important nuance in some cases. For example, when using map(), empty slots will remain empty in map()’s output, but undefined slots will be remapped using the function passed to it:
var b = [undefined];
b[2] = 1;
console.log(b); // (3) [undefined, empty × 1, 1]
console.log(b.map(e => 7)); // (3) [7, empty × 1, 7]
What is the value of typeof undefined == typeof NULL?
The expression will be evaluated to true, since NULL will be treated as any other undefined variable.
Note: JavaScript is case-sensitive and here we are using NULL instead of null.
What would following code return?
console.log(typeof typeof 1);
string
typeof 1 will return "number" and typeof "number" will return string.
Consider the following code. What will the output be, and why?
(function () {
try {
throw new Error();
} catch (x) {
var x = 1, y = 2;
console.log(x);
}
console.log(x);
console.log(y);
})();
1
undefined
2
var statements are hoisted (without their value initialization) to the top of the global or function scope it belongs to, even when it’s inside a with or catch block. However, the error’s identifier is only visible inside the catch block. It is equivalent to:
(function () {
var x, y; // outer and hoisted
try {
throw new Error();
} catch (x /* inner */) {
x = 1; // inner x, not the outer one
y = 2; // there is only one y, which is in the outer scope
console.log(x /* inner */);
}
console.log(x);
console.log(y);
})();
What will be the output of this code?
var x = 21;
var girl = function () {
console.log(x);
var x = 20;
};
girl ();
Neither 21, nor 20, the result is undefined
It’s because JavaScript initialization is not hoisted.
(Why doesn’t it show the global value of 21? The reason is that when the function is executed, it checks that there’s a local x variable present but doesn’t yet declare it, so it won’t look for global one.)
How do you clone an object?
var obj = {a: 1 ,b: 2}
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
Now the value of objclone is {a: 1 ,b: 2} but points to a different object than obj.
Note the potential pitfall, though: Object.clone() will just do a shallow copy, not a deep copy. This means that nested objects aren’t copied. They still refer to the same nested objects as the original:
let obj = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
age: 30
}
};
var objclone = Object.assign({},obj);
console.log('objclone: ', objclone);
obj.c.age = 45;
console.log('After Change - obj: ', obj); // 45 - This also changes
console.log('After Change - objclone: ', objclone); // 45
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
setTimeout(function() { console.log(i); }, i * 1000 );
}
What will this code print?
It will print 0 1 2 3 4, because we use let instead of var here. The variable i is only seen in the for loop’s block scope.
What are the limitations of Ajax?
An Ajax Web Application tends to confuse end users if the network bandwidth is slow and there is no full postback running.
What is AJAX Framework?
ASP.NET AJAX is a free framework to implement Ajax in asp.net web applications. It is used to quickly creating efficient and interactive Web applications that work across all browsers.
How can we cancel the XMLHttpRequest in AJAX?
Abort() method can be called to cancel the XMLHttpRequest in Ajax.
Is AJAX code cross browser compatible?
No, it is supporting cross browser compatible. If the browsers supports native XMLHttpRequest JavaScript object, then this can be used.
What is the name of object used for AJAX request?
XmlHttpRequest object is used for Ajax requests.
What is prerequisite for Update Panel in Ajax?
Script Manager is pre-requisite to use Update Panel controls.
How many update panel can be used per page?
There are no restrictions on the number of update panels per page.
How can you find out that an AJAX request has been completed?
ReadyState property is used to check whether AJAX request has been completed. If the property is equal to four, then the request has been completed and data is available.
Is javascript knowledge is required to do Ajax?
Yes, if you plan to develop new AJAX functionality for your web application.
What are all the browsers support AJAX?
Following browsers support AJAX:
Internet Explorer 5.0 and above
Opera 7.6 and above
Netscape 7.1 and above
Safari 1.2 and above.
An Ajax Web Application tends to confuse end users if the network bandwidth is slow and there is no full postback running.
What is AJAX Framework?
ASP.NET AJAX is a free framework to implement Ajax in asp.net web applications. It is used to quickly creating efficient and interactive Web applications that work across all browsers.
How can we cancel the XMLHttpRequest in AJAX?
Abort() method can be called to cancel the XMLHttpRequest in Ajax.
Is AJAX code cross browser compatible?
No, it is supporting cross browser compatible. If the browsers supports native XMLHttpRequest JavaScript object, then this can be used.
What is the name of object used for AJAX request?
XmlHttpRequest object is used for Ajax requests.
What is prerequisite for Update Panel in Ajax?
Script Manager is pre-requisite to use Update Panel controls.
How many update panel can be used per page?
There are no restrictions on the number of update panels per page.
How can you find out that an AJAX request has been completed?
ReadyState property is used to check whether AJAX request has been completed. If the property is equal to four, then the request has been completed and data is available.
Is javascript knowledge is required to do Ajax?
Yes, if you plan to develop new AJAX functionality for your web application.
What are all the browsers support AJAX?
Following browsers support AJAX:
Internet Explorer 5.0 and above
Opera 7.6 and above
Netscape 7.1 and above
Safari 1.2 and above.
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